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Linux Ubuntu Quelitu - Waves of the Future

Computer Recycling, Free Windows 10 Vista XP Alternative, Linux Ubuntu Lubuntu

Quelitu 20.04 -- User Guide*

(Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced)


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Definitions for Guides Below

File Manager
File Mgr
File manager (PCManFM) allows you to access your files and folders.


~/
/home/username
Home Folder
Home Directory
All mean the same thing: the user's main folder that opens when you start the file manager. It contains Documents, Downloads... as well as configuration files. Press CTRL-h to see hidden files.


Device Folder
/media/username
Location where devices (USB drives, CD, other partitions) are mounted.


Desktop Folder
This is the folder '/home/user/Desktop' which you access through File Manager.

Menu>
Top Menu>
System or start menu (to access, click 'Start' button)
Specific application/window menu

sudo
Used in terminal to perform commands requiring a password.

Hidden Files
.file
Visible in File Manager by pressing CTRL-h or Menu>View>Show Hidden. Names begin with . (a dot)

Right-Click
A click on the right button of the mouse.

Terminal
Qterminal/LXTerminal (Menu>System): Like DOS terminal in Windows.
$ = User prompt; # = Root prompt
F4 (in File Manager): Opens terminal in the current folder.

Files Names
in Terminal
Full: /home/user/Documents/Tax.doc
Short: If in /home/user/, you can use: ./Documents/Tax.doc
Spaces and special characters need to be preceded by '\'.
Example: Beer & wine.doc = Beer\ \&\ wine.doc.

Most items are also applicable to Ubuntu and Lubuntu.
Some information is located only on the Installation Guide page.
Shaded items refer to alternative procedures.


Beginner


TITLE BAR / WINDOW / DESKTOP
Title Bar Mouse-Roll: Shade/Unshade windows
Desktop Mouse-Roll: Change to Desktop #2, #3...

FILE MANAGER / FILE & FOLDERS
~/ = /home/user = Home folder (Documents, etc.)
Mouse-Middle-Click: Opens folder in new tab
CTRL-h: Show hidden .files; CTRL-a: Select all
CTRL-CLICK & SHIFT-CLICK: Choose single or range
SHIFT-Drag File/Folder: Move; CTRL-Drag=Copy
CTRL-SHIFT-Drag File/Folder: Create Link

OTHER
Menus: Drag item to launch bar or desktop
PDF: To create Pdf files in most programs...
File>Print>Print to File>PDF
CTRL-z: Undo / CTRL-Q: Quit Application
HELP Searches: Ubuntu or Lubuntu + subject

ERROR: PERMISSION DENIED, COPY...
Permission Denied, Copy Errors, Cannot Open File
to Write. Might require password:
Try File Manager Menu>Tools>Open as Root
Copy Errors: Delete file and use Copy & Paste
Permission error in terminal. Try: sudo appname
Error Splicing (Copying to USB): Try Emptying Trash

MAIN FILE LOCATIONS
/media/username (mounted CDs, USBs, partitions...)
/usr/share/ (icons, themes) /usr/bin/Qx (Qx Apps)
/usr/share/applications (program shortcuts)
/usr/share/lubuntu/wallpapers (wallpaper)
~/.config (configuration files for most programs
except email and browsers which are in /home/user)

Intermediate

See also Bugs & Solutions


Additional Information on the Internet
For more details, search the Internet. Use: Raspberry Pi, Ubuntu, or Lubuntu + Your Subject.


Network/Internet Connection Problems
Wired
Right-Click on the Network Connection icon (on desktop toolbar). Make sure that Enable Networking is checked.

Unplug everything and replug in this order (ensuring that each item is loaded before proceeding): modem>router>peripherals>power cord. Do it again if necessary.

Wireless
Left-Click on the Network Connection icon>Clic your network or router...

If you have problems, try enabling proprietary drivers:
Menu>Preferences>Additional Drivers


Music
Free Streaming Internet Radio: Direct from Desktop
SHOUTcast.com has over 42,000 free stations in different genres. Find your station, click the download icon, and choose either Winamp, M3U, or XSPF.

Simply click the downloaded file to play. Optionally, place it on your desktop.

iPod, iTunes, iPad, iPhone, and Last.fm
Install Banshee.


Chromium--Importing Favorites/Bookmarks and Passwords
Settings Icon>Bookmarks>Import Bookmarks and Settings


Firefox--Import Favorites/Bookmarks and Passwords
Passwords: Can be imported/exported easily from Firefox (Windows) to Firefox (Linux) with the Password Exporter add-on.
After installation: Top Menu>Edit or Tools>Preferences>Security

Favorites/Bookmarks:
Top Menu>Bookmarks>Show All Bookmarks>Import and Backup
Export in HTML format and import with Firefox.

Advanced


Automount: Mount Partitions Automatically at Startup
1) In the file manager, unmount the partition you want to automount and remount it. This will place the correct code for your partition at the end of /etc/mtab.

2) Make a backup of fstab. In a terminal (Menu>Accessories>LXTerminal), type:
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup

3) Copy the last complete line of mtab to the end of fstab, replacing fuseblk with ntfs if it occurs in the line. In a terminal, type:
gksu leafpad /etc/fstab & leafpad /etc/mtab


File Rescue on Windows Partitions
Start your computer with a Lubuntu/Raspberry Pi Live CD. The File Manager should automatically display the Windows partition in the left panel. Click on it to access files (/Users/your-user-name/) and copy them to a CD, USB.... If you get a 'Permissions' error, try using Menu>System>File Manager Admin (Root).

If clicking does not mount (open) the partition, type in a terminal (Menu>System>LXTerminal):
sudo fdisk -l (to find the name of your Windows NTFS partition)
and replace sda2 below with the correct name.

To mount the partition, type:
sudo mkdir /home/media/test
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda2 /media/test -o force

If it worked, your partition should now show in the File Manager's left panel, and the files should be in the /media/test folder.
* Quelitu software and information (including external links) are provided WITHOUT ABSOLUTELY ANY WARRANTY or LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, including implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, and damages relating to existing operating systems and loss of data. See the GNU General Public License for details.
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